Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are now accepted as an important therapeutic target in dementia. They represent a growing burden to caregivers and health care institutions and increasing financial burden as the proportion of the elderly patients and consequently those with dementia, increases throughout the world. Management strategies, including pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments, together with caregiver-focused training and education approaches, can be effective in decreasing BPSD. Although mild forms of BPSD may respond to simple environmental and psychosocial interventions, drug therapy is often required for the more severe psychotic, aggressive, and agitated presentations. In the future, research must address cross- culturally applicable methods for assessment, exploration of the environmental relationships of BPSD and the underlying biologic and psychologic substrates, longitudinal evaluation, determination of the frequency and underlying pathogenic mechanisms. And  development of a clearly defined treatment method profile with specific reference to different types of BPSD. In this article, we briefly reviewed the recent ethiological findings, clinical aspect and current available pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments