Dementia is a syndrome characterized by compromised memory, and at least one of the other multiple domains of the mental functions, such as the attention, the language functions, the visuo-spatial capacities, and the frontal executive functions that interferes social and occupational activities. The differential diagnosis of dementia is very important for the proper management but it is not easy to accomplish for the non-neurologist especially in an office settings. In dementia clinics, differential diagnosis of dementia is made by the clinical judgment based on the clinical manifestations and neuroimaging of the patients. Here we provide a practical approach to the differential diagnosis of 4 major causes of the dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, fronto-temporal dementia, and vascular dementia that account for 85~90% of all cases of dementia |